As part of the improvement of the sanitation, hygiene, and drainage system, the Government is committed to: (i) ensuring governance in favor of sustainable cities; (ii) strengthening urban planning and development; (iii) promoting inclusive, productive, green, and resilient cities; (iv) making the living environment of the population healthy and sanitized; (v) promoting the circular economy; and (vi) enhancing coordination and the capacities of stakeholders involved in waste management.
In order to meet these commitments, numerous actions are being carried out in the sanitation and hygiene sectors. These include:
- Strengthening the institutional and regulatory framework of the sanitation and hygiene sector;
Continuing awareness-raising actions for the population regarding sanitation, hygiene, and nuisances;
- Implementing a program for the development of sanitation and drainage infrastructure;
- Implementing ecological and rational management of different categories of solid waste;
- Strengthening the fight against unsanitary conditions and nuisances;
In terms of sanitation
- Achievements
- Sustainable Improvement Project for the Sanitation and Rainwater Drainage Situation in the City of Abidjan (PADSAD)
This project, which started in June 2017, ended in the second quarter of 2024. It has allowed, among other things:
- the construction of 22,445 linear meters (lm) of rainwater drainage channels;
- the construction of 37,593 linear meters of wastewater networks;
- the connection of 4,150 households to the wastewater network;
- the construction of 5,870 lm of asphalt;
- the construction of the Anyama sludge treatment station;
- the acquisition of bins and garbage containers;
- the acquisition of tractors + trailers and improved tricycles for waste collection.
- Strengthening of sludge treatment stations
Regarding sludge management, five (05) stations have been built and are operational. These are the Korhogo station in 2017, the San-Pédro station in 2020, the Bouaké station in 2021, the Katiola station in 2022, and the compact station in Koumassi-Digue in 2022. Additionally, the Anyama station was completed in 2024 and is awaiting commissioning. The Yamoussoukro station is 71% complete.
Furthermore, through the Improvement Program for the Management of Sludge Materials (PAGEMV), which started in July 2020 for a duration of 4 years, the construction of 14 new sludge treatment stations is planned in the cities of Songon, Bingerville, Bassam, Abengourou, Bondoukou, Daoukro, Dimbokro, Bouaké, Daloa, Gagnoa, Soubré, Séguéla, Man, and Odienné. The project has started with: (i) the finalization of customary rights purges for the acquired sites; (ii) topographic surveys of the 14 sites; (iii) geotechnical campaigns for the 14 sites; and (iv) account audits. The physical completion rate is 34% as of the second quarter of 2024.
- Integrated Watershed Management and Development Program for the Gourou Basin (PAGIBVG)
Launched in January 2019 for an initial duration of 3 years and extended until December 31, 2025, this project aims to contribute to strengthening and securing the sanitation network of the Abidjan District by improving the socio-economic and health conditions of the populations in four (04) municipalities (Abobo, Adjame, Cocody, and Plateau) covered by the Gourou basin. The project completion rate is 83% as of the second quarter of 2024.
- Project for the Construction of Latrines in Schools and Rural Households
Launched in January 2019, this project aims to build improved latrines in public primary schools across all localities in the country and to raise awareness among households in these villages to build latrines. The physical completion rate is 74% as of the second quarter of 2024, with 546 latrines built in schools and 4,281 latrines built by households.
- Urban Sanitation and Resilience Project (PARU)
Launched in October 2020, this project aims to improve the drainage, sanitation, and hygiene system in targeted localities (Abidjan, Grand-Bassam, Yamoussoukro, Bouaké, Korhogo, Daloa, San-Pedro, Ferkessedougou, Ouangolodougou, Guiglo, Toumodi, Tiébissou, Sinématiali, Duékoué, Bloléquin, Sikensi, Dabou, Djebonoua, Jaqueville, Azaguié, Bonoua, Alépé, Assinie, Divo, Bouaflé, Katiola). It is organized around four (4) components: (i) Flood risk mitigation; (ii) Improvement of solid waste collection and disposal systems; (iii) Support for project management; (iv) Emergency response (CERC). The physical completion rate of this project is 24% as of the second quarter of 2024.
- Perspectives
The perspectives are as follows:
- Continuing to strengthen sanitation and drainage works in the Abidjan district and in cities inland;
- Continuing the implementation of PAGIBVG, particularly through the launch of the pilot unit for the recovery of waste and used tires and the start of the extension of waste recovery by pyrolysis throughout the Gourou basin;
- Starting the works of the Project for Sanitation and Improvement of the Living Environment of the Autonomous District of Abidjan (PAACA), which aims to consolidate the achievements of the implementation of PGIBVG.
In terms of hygiene
- Achievements
- Project for the Opening of Household Waste Dumps
Launched in October 2019 for a duration of 6 years, this project aims to equip all localities in the country with appropriate and modern waste management infrastructure to contribute to improving the quality of life for the population. To this end, two new controlled landfills have been constructed in the cities of San-Pedro and Daloa by ANAGED. Sites for the construction of transfer centers have been fully acquired in Ouangolodougou, Ferkessédougou, and Bouaké with the purging of customary rights. Purging agreements have been signed for the transfer centers in Toumodi and Korhogo. The overall completion rate of the project is 30% as of the second quarter of 2024.
- Public Cleanliness Service of the Abidjan Agglomeration
For effective management of Household Solid Waste and Similar (DSMA) in the Abidjan District, in November 2018, a Waste Recovery and Technical Landfill Center (CVET) was built in Kossihouen and currently receives 100% of the waste collected in the Abidjan District, approximately 4,000 tons/day. This waste passes through five (05) transfer centers located in Anguédédou 1, Anguédédou 2, Bingerville, Adjamé, and Port-Bouët.
- Perspectives
The perspectives concern:
- Contributing to the development of eleven (11) draft decrees for the application of the law on the Hygiene and Sanitation Code, in collaboration with the ministry in charge of health;
- Establishing monitoring committees for delegation agreements;
- Constructing the 3rd cell and energy recovery of biogas from the CVET of Kossihouen;
Continuing the rehabilitation and valorization works of the Akouédo landfill site.
- Starting the Sustainable and Inclusive Development Project for Secondary Cities (PDDIVS), aimed at equipping them with urban infrastructure and basic services.
Table: Key Indicators in Sanitation and Hygiene
|
INDICATORS Titles |
YEARS |
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
||||||||||||||||||
|
PLANNING DOCUMENTS FOR SANITATION AND DRAINAGE |
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Number of Master Plans for Sanitation and Drainage (SDAD) planned [1] |
2 |
1 |
0 |
3 |
5 |
5 |
6 |
8 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Number of Master Plans For Sanitation and Drainage (SDAD) completed [2] |
8 |
3 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
26 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
COVERAGE IN COLLECTIVE SANITATION OF WASTEWATER (EU) AND STORMWATER (EP) IN ABIDJAN |
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Length of sanitation network completed |
3,000 |
14,000 |
6,500 |
18,480 |
15,000 |
4,000 |
8,000 |
28,607 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Length of drainage network completed |
0 |
0 |
2,500 |
11,170 |
10,500 |
15,000 |
15,000 |
7,069 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Number of households connected to the EU network |
9,377 |
8,391 |
7,754 |
7,775 |
13,965 |
16,596 |
19,780 |
ND |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Populations connectable to the network |
48,760 |
43,633 |
40,321 |
40,430 |
72,618 |
86,299 |
102,857 |
ND |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Number of households connected to the EU network in year n |
264,930 |
280,863 |
297,676 |
311,800 |
377,049 |
464,692 |
549,190 |
ND |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Number of inhabitants connected/population connected |
1,377,636 |
1,460,488 |
1,547,915 |
1,621,360 |
1,960,655 |
2,416,398 |
2,855,786 |
ND |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Number of urban inhabitants benefiting from improved sanitation |
5,811,981 |
6,084,789 |
6,242,993 |
6,401,197 |
6,597,602 |
6,794,602 |
10,703,746 |
10,713,736 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Number of rural inhabitants benefiting from improved sanitation |
2,160,788 |
2,463,299 |
2,527,344 |
2,591,389 |
2,626,749 |
2,626,749 |
2,661,824 |
2,442,159 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
INFRASTRUCTURES AND SANITATION/TREATMENT WORKS |
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Number of functional wastewater treatment plants |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Number of functional sludge treatment stations |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
4 |
4 |
5 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Number of licensed sludge operators |
0 |
10 |
27 |
27 |
21 |
21 |
8 |
22 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Number of planned sludge treatment stations |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Volume of urban sludge treatment |
0 |
9,303 |
12,116 |
20,600 |
47,456 |
74,440 |
166,504 |
188,360 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Volume of collected and deposited sludge (m3) |
225,896 |
38,985 |
317,725 |
414,264 |
452,304 |
486,616 |
613,840 |
620,984 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
DRAINAGE INFRASTRUCTURE MAINTENANCE LEVEL |
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Length of maintained drainage networks |
1,200 |
1,200 |
1,225 |
1,250 |
1,500 |
43,846 |
85,736 |
ND |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Number of maintained stormwater basins |
9 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
11 |
11 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Number of flood control weirs maintained |
11 |
11 |
11 |
11 |
11 |
11 |
11 |
11 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Volume of dredged material from drainage works (m3) |
300,000 |
350,000 |
495,000 |
583,000 |
600,000 |
617,000 |
650,000 |
907,820 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Length of sanitation network renewal |
2,375 |
2,004 |
528 |
653 |
496 |
1,375 |
322 |
SODECI |
|||||||||||||||||
|
RURAL SANITATION |
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Number of localities benefiting from the Community-Led Total Sanitation (ATPC) approach |
4,175 |
ND |
ND |
151 |
130 |
130 |
340 |
307 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Number of villages benefiting from latrines |
ND |
ND |
ND |
249 |
196 |
111 |
33 |
293 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Proportion of the population using improved sanitation services (separate latrines, handwashing facilities, and soap) |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
|||||||||||||||||
[1] SDAD under implementation: Katiola, Guiglo, Duekoué, Divo, Bouaflé.
[2] Completed SDAD: Man, Issia, Grand-Bassam, Gagnoa, Ferkessédougou, Dimbokro, Daoukro, Daloa, Dabou, Boundiali, Bouaké, Bondoukou, Béoumi, Agboville, Abidjan, Abengourou, Yamoussoukro, Touba, Tiassale, Soubré, Sikensi, Séguéla, San-Pedro, Odienné, Korhogo, N’douci.
|
INDICATORS Titles |
YEARS |
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
||||||||||||||||||
|
Open defecation rate |
ND |
ND |
ND |
39% (MICS 2016) |
39% (MICS 2016) |
30% (RGPH 2021) |
30% (RGPH 2021) |
18.2% (EDS 2021) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Number of localities declared FDAL |
2,695 |
1,356 |
127 |
54 |
0 |
130 |
280 |
290 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Number of households declared FDAL |
73,348 |
4,852 |
2,665 |
1,329 |
0 |
5,013 |
22,157 |
28,977 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
FDAL population |
669,959 |
17,400 |
22,219 |
12,778 |
10,508 |
14,222 |
160,500 |
219,760 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Proportion of urban population using sanitation services |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
3% |
55% |
64% |
83% |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Cleanliness service coverage rate |
ND |
ND |
3.3% |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
10.44% |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Contractual waste removal rate |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
100% |
ND |
77.4% |
51.7% |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Quantity of Household Solid Waste and Similar (DSMA) collected (in tons) |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
1,380,502.22 |
1,446,176.20 |
1,444,817.30 |
1,250,145.44 |
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Source: MINHAS / SODECI